物流巴巴獲悉，近日美國海岸警備隊（USCG）發(fā)布了港口安全建議（1-17），建議中根據(jù)美國2002海運安全法案要求，公布了一批無法滿足反恐要求的國家清單。

　　2002海運安全法案授權(quán)USCG定期評估海外港口反恐措施的有效性，同時針對從無法維持有效反恐措施的港口進入美國的船舶制定強制檢查措施。
　　以下為最新的反恐措施不達標國家名單：
　　柬埔寨、喀麥隆、科摩羅、科特迪瓦、赤道幾內(nèi)亞、岡比亞共和國、幾內(nèi)亞比紹、伊朗、利比里亞、利比亞、馬達加斯加、瑙魯、尼日利亞、圣多美和普林西比、敘利亞、東帝汶、委內(nèi)瑞拉、也門。
　　需要注意的是，以上部分國家的部分港口是不在這個名單里面的。下列原文有相關(guān)規(guī)定。
　　其中USCG特別強調(diào)了利比亞的安全風(fēng)險，建議到訪利比亞全境尤其是東部地區(qū)原油碼頭的船舶務(wù)必采取最高警惕（extreme caution），因為近期有大量不明國籍的武裝人員參與到利比亞的非法原油出口活動中，隨之而來的是暴力和犯罪行為激增。
　　另外USCG對到訪也門巴爾哈夫LNG碼頭的船舶提出了額外的嚴格保安措施要求，請到訪船舶務(wù)必提前聯(lián)系USCG的港口船長。
　　因此，任何到訪過以上國家港口（除例外港口）的船舶，若接下來將掛靠的五個港口中包括美國港口，那必須采取以下措施：
　　1、將船上保安等級提高至2級；
　　2、確保所有登船通道都有人值守，并且值班員必須能夠毫無遮擋的觀察到船的外部情況（包括陸地及水面）。值班員可以由在船船員，或者是經(jīng)公司安全主管及船長認可的外部保安力量擔(dān)任；
　　3、應(yīng)當出具保安聲明；
　　4、詳細記錄船舶保安記錄簿；
　　5、抵達美國前務(wù)必將此前采取的保安行為報告給有管轄權(quán)的USCG港口船長。
　　同時該類船舶在抵達美國時必須接受USCG的檢查，若采取的保安措施不達標，USCG可以拒絕船舶進入美國。
　　最后USCG還對該類船舶在美靠港期間的保安措施提出要求，該類船舶靠泊期間所有登船點必須由武裝保安值守，而且保安人數(shù)及值班點必須經(jīng)由有管轄權(quán)的USCG港口船長認可。但若船上表現(xiàn)出其安全狀況良好且能書面證明已經(jīng)采取了符合上文1-5條要求的保安措施，那么可以免除武裝保安的要求。
　　原文如下：
　　Port Security Advisory(1-17)
　　A.Background:
　　The Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002(MTSA)has mandated that the United States Coast Guard evaluate the effectiveness of anti-terrorism measures in foreign ports and provides for the imposition of conditions of entry on vessels arriving to the United States from countries that do not maintain effective anti-terrorism measures(MTSA,46 U.S.C.§§70108-70110).
　　The Coast Guard has determined that Nauru is not maintaining effective anti-terrorism measures in all of its ports.Actions required as listed in paragraphs C and D of this Port Security Advisory take effect for vessels that arrive in the United States upon on or after April 14,2017,after visiting ports in Nauru as one of their last five ports of call.
　　B.Countries Affected:
　　The Coast Guard has determined that ports in the following countries are not maintaining effective anti-terrorism measures:
　　Cambodia
　　Cameroon

Equatorial Guinea

　　Libya
　　Note:Vessels are also advised to proceed with extreme caution when approaching all Libyan oil terminals,particularly in eastern Libya,due to potential violent and criminal activity based upon recent attempts by armed,non-state actors to engage in illicit export of oil.UN Security Council Resolution 2146 authorizes the UN Sanctions Committee to impose certain measures on vessels attempting to illicitly export crude oil from Libya.This resolution imposes several restrictions regarding loading,transporting,or discharging crude oil from Libya which may include the possible denial of port entry.Further information regarding the UN Security Council Resolution can be found at:
　　http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sc11325.doc.htm
　　Madagascar

Sao Tome and Principe

Syria

Timor-Leste

Venezuela

Yemen

　　C.Actions Required by Vessels Visiting Countries Affected:
　　All vessels arriving to the United States that visited the countries listed in paragraph B(with exceptions noted)during their last five port calls must take actions 1 through 5 listed below while in the countries listed in paragraph B as a condition of entry into U.S.ports:
　　1.Implement measures per the ship’s security plan equivalent to Security Level 2;
　　2.Ensure that each access point to the ship is guarded and that the guards have total visibility of the exterior(both landside and waterside)of the vessel.Guards may be:
　　•provided by the ship’s crew,however,additional crewmembers should be placed on the ship if necessary to ensure that limits on maximum hours of work are not exceeded and/or minimum hours of rest are met,or
　　•provided by outside security forces approved by the ship’s master and Company Security Officer.
　　3.Attempt to execute a Declaration of Security;
　　4.Log all security actions in the ship’s security records;and
　　5.Report actions taken to the cognizant U.S.Coast Guard Captain of the Port prior to arrival in the U.S.
　　Vessels that visited the countries listed in paragraph B(with exceptions noted)on or after the effective date in paragraph A,during their last five port calls will be boarded or examined by the Coast Guard to ensure the vessel took the required actions.Failure to properly implement the actions listed in paragraph C.1 through C.5 may result in delay or denial of entry into the United States.
　　D.Actions Required by Vessels in U.S.Ports:
　　Based on the findings of the Coast Guard boarding or examination,the vessels that visited the countries listed in paragraph B(with exceptions noted)on or after the effective date in paragraph A may be required to ensure that each access point to the ship is guarded by armed security guards and that they have total visibility of the exterior(both landside and waterside)of the vessel while in U.S.ports.The number and location of the guards must be acceptable to the cognizant U.S.Coast Guard Captain of the Port.For those vessels that have demonstrated good security compliance and can document that they took the measures called for in C.1.through C.4.above,the armed security guard requirement will normally be waived.